Abstract. In this study, we present the second documented evidence of the occurrence of the Baillon’s Crake in Slovakia, after 56 years. In order to improve knowledge about the ecology of rare species, this study provides a comprehensive overview of all published papers in Slovakia from history to the present. In addition, it contains a description of the current habitat and the song of a male recorded for the first time on 25.05. 2021 at the locality of Pánska Morávka (cadastral area of Malé Leváre, western Slovakia). During four days of recording (from 30.05. to 01.06. 2021 and 03.06.2021), we identified one male song with relatively high calling activity (in average 8394 vocalizations per night), with the peak exclusively during night hours (01:00-03:00 a.m.). After eight nights of monitoring, the male fell silent. The breeding attempt was not confirmed. Finally, our results suggest that Pánska Morávka represents a potential site for the occurrence of Baillon’s Crake, one of the rarest birds in Slovakia .