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Tichodroma 25 (2013): Pôvodné práce
Ostatné
Abstrakty a plné texty Variabilita
v zakládání, délce inkubace a velkosti
snůšek motáka lužního (Circus
pygargus) v jižní oblasti České
republiky Variation
in the start of breeding, clutch size and the
incubation length of Montagu’s Harrier (Circus
pygargus) in the South of the Czech
Republic Ivan Kunstmüller Žižkov II/1279, 580 01 Havlíčkův
Brod, Česká republika; e-mail:
pygargus@seznam.cz Abstract. The breeding ecology of the
Montagu’s Harrier has been studied in the
Southern Czech Republic from 2003 to 2011. This
study focuses on variation in the start of
breeding, clutch size and the length of
incubation with respect to weather conditions
and type of breeding habitat. First clutches
were detected from the first half of May and
laying continued until the end of June with the
average start of laying being May 24 (n = 187
nests). The average clutch size was found to be
4.1 eggs (n = 276 clutches). Most frequent
clutch size (44.2% of 276 clutches) contained
four eggs. Most of 306 nests were located in
natural or unmanaged habitats – wetlands and
ruderal meadows (43.2%), and winter wheat fields
(36.6%). The average laying date seemed not to
be different among years. The latest clutch was
detected in 2004 on June 27. The clutches
initiated after June 1st were
considered as replacement clutches. The average
period between the initiation of the first and
the last clutches was 39 days, ranging from 27
days in 2008 to 43 days in 2004. Individual eggs
were not always laid in two-day intervals.
Clutch size was not probably linked with the
length of incubation of the first-laid eggs. The
incubation length of the first clutches ranged
from 27 to 34 days (average 31 days, n = 187
clutches). Key words: Montagu’s Harrier, breeding ecology,
Czech Republic
Hnízdní ekologie motáka
lužního (Circus pygargus) v závislosti na
hnízdním prostředí
Effect of
nesting environment on breeding ecology of
Montagu’s
Harrier (Circus pygargus) Ivan Kunstmüller Žižkov II/1279, 580 01 Havlíčkův Brod,
Česká republika; e-mail: pygargus@seznam.cz Abstract. In
2002–2012, breeding population of Montagu’s
Harrier was regularly monitored in region of
Vysočina in the southern part of the Czech
Republic (n = 342). This work deals with the
breeding ecology of this species in relation to
nesting environment: i) natural habitats
(waterlogged and marshy grasslands, ruderal
abandoned vegetation), ii) cereals, iii) forage
crops. Most nests were built in natural habitats
(47.1%), cereals (38.9%) and minimum in
perennial forage crops (14.0%). Clutch size
ranged from 2 to 7 eggs in all the habitats
(median was 4). The nesting environment had a
statistically significant effect on nest
success. The most successful nests were in
cereals – 63.9%, minimum in forage crops –
41.7%. Nest environment type had not a
statistically significant effect on the number
of eggs in successful nests nor the number of
hatched chicks in these nests. The number of
fledglings, however, differed between the
nesting environments. Most fledglings were in
nests in cereals (mean number = 3.65), minimum
in forage crops (2.85). Key words: Montagu’s
Harrier, breeding ecology, nesting environment,
Czech Republic
Pokles
početnosti kuvika obyčajného (Athene noctua)
v Lučenskej kotline (južné Slovensko) Decrease in abundance of Little
Owl (Athene noctua) in Lučenská kotlina
Basin (S Slovakia)
Marian
Mojžiš
& Dušan Kerestúr Školská
211, 985 31 Mučín, Slovensko; e-mail:
m.mojzis76@gmail.com; Tolstého 17, 984 03
Lučenec, Slovensko; chocatabras@gmail.com Abstract. The Little Owl abundance was
monitored and compared in Lučenská kotlina Basin
(S Slovakia) between two periods (1999–2000 and
2011–2012). The survey on Little Owl was carried
out using nocturnal playback of male’s
territorial calls, in combination with daily
control of a site. About 66 % decline in
abundance of Little Owl was observed in the area
between the two periods, ranging from 13–16
pairs (0.31–0.38 pair/10 km2) to 4–6 pairs
(0.10–0.14 pair/10 km2). Possible reasons of
observed decline are discussed in the paper. Key
words: Athene noctua, abundance,
population decline
Vodné
a na vodu viazané vtáctvo vodnej nádrže Môťová
po 25 rokoch Waterbirds of water reservoir
Môťová (C Slovakia) after 25 years Anton
KRIŠTÍN & Benjamín JARČUŠKA Ústav
ekológie lesa SAV, Ľ. Štúra 2, 960 53 Zvolen,
Slovensko; e-mail: kristin@savzv.sk
Abstract. Forty-five water bird
species, of them only 5 breeding species, were
registered at water reservoir Môťová near the
city of Zvolen during 44 visits from October
2011 to June 2013. The most abundant species
were Anas platyrhynchos (86%) and Anas crecca
(6.1%). The most frequent species were A.
platyrhynchos, Ardea cinerea, A. crecca,
Phalacrocorax carbo, Podiceps cristatus and
Cygnus olor. After 25 years, when similar study
was conducted (i.e. 1987–1989), we found
increase in the total number of registered water
bird species (55%; i.e. from 29 to 45) and more
than twice higher mean number of individuals per
visit (from 124 on 289). Observed trend might be
explained by overall positive population trend
known in several fish-eating species (e.g. P.
carbo, A. cinerea, Egretta alba, Mergus
merganser) and habitat generalists (e.g. A.
platyrhynchos, C. olor, A. strepera). The most
important differences in abundance between the
two periods were found in A. platyrhynchos (N =
7943 individuals/ 67 visits in 1987–1989, and N
= 10918 ind./44 visits in 2011–2013), what is
the change from 118 on 248 ind./ visit. However,
in this species we found similar maximum
abundances (up to 1050 ind.), from late November
to early December, in both periods. Altogether,
113 bird species (50 breeding, 30 hospites and
33 permigrants) were registered at the water
reservoir from 2011 to 2013. Key words:
waterfowl, mallard, faunology, population trends
Hniezdna
ornitocenóza vŕbovo-topoľového lesa
inundačného územia Dunaja pred a po zmene
vodného režimu Breeding
bird assemblage of willow-poplar forest in
Danubian flood plains before and after water
regime change
Mirko
Bohuš Abstract.
Breeding bird assemblage of forest stands of
association Salici-Populetum in years 2010, 2011
and 2013 was compared with assemblages of the
same stands before the Danube water regime had
been changed and site was swamped (y. 1991), and
with the period proximately after the change,
when site was drained (1993–1997). Using the
mapping method, altogether 34 breeding species
were registered (mean ± SE = 30.3 ± 2.9). Mean
density during the entire period was 132
territories/ 10ha, H´=2.89, equitability=0.81.
In 1993–1997, the same number of breeding
species was found, but the mean number of
species per year was lower (27.4 ± 2.3). In
1991, in total 22 breeding species were found
with density of 97 territories/ 10 ha. After the
water regime changed in 1992, Acrocephalus
scirpaceus disappeared therewith, Phoenicurus
phoenicurus decreased up to local extinction in
1997. In 2010, 2011 and 2013, three species –
Columba palumbus, Poecile palustris and Emberiza
citrinella have appeared. Using cluster
analysis, three clusters were grouped among all
assemblages: assemblages of y. 1994–1997(at
dissimilarity level 0.120) formed an „early
after-drain“ cluster; assemblages of period
2010, 2011, 2013 (at dissimilarity level 0.239)
formed a „late after-drain“ cluster and
assemlages of y. 1991 and 1993 (at dissimilarity
level 0.180) formed mixed „swamp/immediately
after-drain“ cluster. Both clusters,
representing period 1994–2013, are clustered
together at dissimilarity level 0.360. This
cluster joined with the „swamp/immediately
after-drain“ cluster at dissimilarity level
0.449. Key
words: breeding bird assemblages, riparian
forest, changed water regime, Danube  Hniezdenie kúdelníčky
lužnej (Remiz
pendulinus) na smrekovci Nesting of Eurasian Penduline-tit (Remiz
pendulinus) in a larch tree Benjamín JARČUŠKA Ústav ekológie lesa Slovenskej
akadémie vied, Ľ. Štúra 2, 960 53 Zvolen,
Slovensko; e-mail: benjamin.jarcuska@gmail.com Abstract. A nest of Eurasian
Penduline-tit (Remiz
pendulinus) was found in European larch (Larix
decidua) tree, 6 m above ground. The tree
was located 50 m far from the river within a
group of trees and shrubs surrounded by
abandoned pasture. This should be the first
known nesting of the species in larch tree. Key words: unusual nest location, Eurasian
Penduline-tit, European larch
Červený
zoznam vtákov Slovenska Red list of birds in
Slovakia Miroslav DEMKO, Anton
KRIŠTÍN & Peter PUCHALA SOS/BirdLife Slovensko,
Mlynské nivy 41, 821 09 Bratislava, Slovensko;
demko@vtaky.sk
Ústav ekológie lesa SAV
Zvolen, Ľ. Štúra 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovensko;
kristin@savzv.sk ŠOP SR, Správa CHKO Malé
Karpaty, Štúrova 115, 900 01 Modra,
peter.puchala@sopsr.sk Abstract. All breeding species of Slovak
Avifauna (226 species) were evaluated against
the IUCN criteria 2001, version 3.1,. for the
first time. The main period for the assessment
was 2002−2012. Altogether 15 species (Mergus
merganser, Tadorna tadorna, Phalacrocorax
pygmeus, Ardeola ralloides, Grus grus,
Charadrius alexandrinus, Larus canus, Larus
argentatus, Sternula albifrons, Chlidonias
leucopterus, Calandrella brachydactyla,
Motacilla citreola, Turdus iliacus, Acrocephalus
paludicola, Pastor roseus) were not eligible for
the assessment (category NA − not applicable) because
of their accidental breeding in Slovakia.
Altogether 79 bird species (37% of assessed 211
Slovak breeders) were included in the Slovak Red
List (categories RE - regionally extinct, CR − critically endangered,
EN − endangered, VU − vulnerable and NT − near threatened).
Threatened birds (categories CR, EN, VU; 51
species) cover 24% of all assessed Slovak
breeders. Out of them four species are RE, 10
CR, 24 EN and 17 VU. Further 24 species (11% of
assessed Slovak breeders) are classified as NT.
The rest 132 species (63% of assessed Slovak
breeders) did not meet any IUCN criteria, and
they were evaluated as least concern (LC) and
they were not included in the Red List. Out of
211 species assessed, all globally threatened
species (three species) and all species which
met IUCN criteria on the European level (10
species) are included in the Red List now. Key words:
bird conservation, IUCN, regional Red
List, threats, biodiversity, threatened birds
Prehľad
krúžkovania vtákov na Slovensku v roku 2012 Bird-ringing results in Slovakia
in 2012 Vladimír SLOBODNÍK &
Roman SLOBODNÍK ŠOP SR, Správa CHKO
Ponitrie, Dlhá 3, 971 01 Prievidza, Slovensko;
vladimir.slobodnik@sopsr.sk; Katedra ekológie a
environmentalistiky, Fakulta prírodných vied
UKF, Tr. Andreja Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra,
Slovensko Abstract. In 2012, 69 members of Slovak
Ornithological Society/BirdLife Slovakia ringed
altogether 57,560 birds, of them 4831 were
nestlings (8.4 %). The ringed birds belonged to
166 species. The most numerous ringed species
were Great Tit (Parus major, 6637 individuals),
Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica, 6272 ind.),
Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla, 6156 ind.),
European Robin (Erithacus rubecula, 3383 ind.),
Blue Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus, 2557 ind.) and
Common Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita, 2240
ind.). Lists of ten most frequently ringed
passerines and ten non-passerines are given. The
most frequently ringed young are also discussed.
Results of 10 individuals re-trapped in Slovakia
and ringed abroad as well as 10 individuals
ringed in Slovakia and re-trapped abroad are
given. Key words: bird ringing, reports of ringed
birds, recoveries
13. správa Faunistickej komisie
Slovenskej ornitologickej spoločnosti/BirdLife
Slovensko The 13th report of the
Rarities Committee of the Slovak Ornithological
Society/BirdLife Slovakia Richard KVETKO & FK SOS
BirdLife Slovensko SNP 14, 903 01 Senec,
Slovensko; richard.kvetko@centrum.sk Abstract. In 2012,
the Rarities Committee of the Slovak
Ornithological Society/BirdLife Slovakia
reviewed 58 records, of which 43 were accepted
in category A, 6 records in category C, 3 in
category D, one record in category E and one
breeding record. Three records were rejected.
The first record of Black-winged Kite (Elanus
caeruleus) and the first record of Levant
Sparrowhawk (Accipiter brevipes) were the
highlights of the year2012. Other remarkable
accepted records from the years 2010, 2011 and
2012 were: one sighting of Tundra Swan (Cygnus
columbianus)
in 2012, four records of Red-breasted
Goose (Branta ruficollis) in
2011/2012, two records of Great Northern Loon
(Gavia immer)
in 2010 and 2011, two records of Griffon
Vulture (Gyps fulvus) in
2012, one sighting (1strecord since 1946) of Cinereous
Vulture (Aegypius monachus) in 2012, one record
in 2011 and three records in 2012 of
Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), two
records of Sandwich Tern (Sterna sandvicensis),
one record of Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush
(Monticola saxatilis) in 2012, one record of
Baikal Teal
(Anas formosa) in 2012 and one breeding
record of Common Merganser (Mergus merganser) in
2012. Key words: rarities committee, rarities report, Slovakia
Ornitologické pozorovania
Miroslav ČAPEK Ústav biologie obratlovců AV ČR, v. v.
i., Brno, Česká republika; capek@ivb.cz
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© SOS/BirdLife Slovensko (2009–2013)